Flat Feet

Flat feet (fallen arches) occur when the arch collapses or remains low, affecting foot alignment and function.

Symptoms

• Tired or aching feet
• Pain in the arch, heel, ankle, or knee
• Feet rolling inward (overpronation)

Diagnosis

Assessment includes evaluation of foot posture, arch function, joint mobility, muscle strength, and gait analysis.

Causes & Risk Factors

• Genetics (inherited foot structure)
• Weak or stretched ligaments
• Muscle imbalances
• Age-related changes
• Previous injury
• Increased load

Treatment

Management may include custom orthotics, strengthening exercises, manual therapies, footwear recommendations, and load management strategies.